Application of magnesium alloy in aerospace

Application of magnesium alloy in aerospace

Since the magnesium alloy has a small density, a relatively high specific strength and a specific stiffness, it is first applied in the aerospace field, and its weight-reducing effect is very good. The economic benefits and performance improvements brought by the weight reduction of aviation materials are very significant. The fuel consumption of the same quality of commercial aircraft and automobile weight loss is nearly 100 times that of the latter. The fuel cost of the fighter is nearly ten times that of the commercial aircraft. More importantly, the improved maneuverability can greatly enhance the combat effectiveness and survivability of the fighter. Therefore, the aviation industry has been vigorously adopting magnesium alloys as the first choice for new aircraft structural materials. Find ways to increase the amount of magnesium alloy. Magnesium alloys are used in aerospace applications such as propellers for aircraft, crankcases for engines, engine parts, aircraft and missile skins and cabins, aircraft siding, passenger seats, petrol and lube system parts, fuel tanks Separator, landing gear, balloon basket, auxiliary tank hanger, aircraft long raft, rib rib, aircraft cabin bulkhead, fighter cockpit, operating system rocker and support, landing gear support frame, shelter screen support , directional instrument, tail wheel, radio equipment base, satellite angle frame, aircraft landing gear outer cylinder, hub, rim, helicopter rear reducer 上, upper casing, aircraft motor casing, oil pump casing, instrument casing Body; rocket and missile components, helicopter gearboxes, helicopter wheels and engine components, turbojet engine covers, wheel housings, helicopter transfer boxes. Some of the medium-strength aluminum alloys have been replaced by rare earth high-strength magnesium alloys and have been used in fighters. With the development of magnesium alloy preparation technology, the material properties such as strength, specific stiffness and heat resistance, corrosion resistance are further improved, so that its application range is further expanded. Current main applications include engine components for various civilian and military aircraft, propellers, gearboxes, bracket structures, and parts for rockets, missiles and satellites. The temperature resistance of the folding is improved, and various engine casings, transmission boxes and power supply units of the aircraft will be gradually made of magnesium alloy. Magnesium alloy sheets are mainly used in the manufacture of various wall panels, fairings, hoods, doors, covers, frames, fairing wraps, wing tips, tail faces, ailerons and mailboxes.

1. Status of domestic application

In the aerospace industry, magnesium alloys are widely used in the manufacture of important mechanical equipment parts on aircraft, missiles, spacecraft, and satellites to reduce the quality of parts, improve the maneuverability of aircraft, and reduce the launch cost of spacecraft. As early as the 1950s, magnesium alloys were used in the skins, frames and engine casings of China's imitation aircraft and missiles. After the 1970s, with the rapid development of China's aerospace technology, magnesium alloys were gradually promoted and applied in products such as attack aircraft, helicopters, missiles, and satellites. For example, ZM6 cast magnesium alloy has been used to manufacture important parts such as helicopter tail reducer 歼, sniper rib and 30kW generator rotor lead platen; MB25 rare earth high-strength magnesium alloy has replaced some medium-strength aluminum alloy and has been applied on the attack machine. At present, the urgent need for weight reduction in China's aerospace industry provides opportunities and challenges for the development and application of new magnesium alloy materials.

2. Status of foreign application

In foreign countries, the research on aerospace magnesium alloys has been deepened, and many achievements have been made. For example, the B-36 heavy bomber uses 4086kg of magnesium alloy sheet per frame, and the jet fighter "Lockheed F-80" wing is also used. Made of magnesium alloy, the number of structural parts has been reduced from 47,758 to 1,650 due to the use of magnesium sheets; 11% of the Talon supersonic trainer is made of magnesium (160kg of sheet, 128kg of castings and A small number of extrusions, plates and tubes); the B-52 bomber uses 180kg of magnesium alloy sheet; the Falon GAR-1 air-to-air missile has 90% of its structure made of magnesium alloy, in which the body is made of 1mm AZ31B-H24 The rolled sheet is machined, longitudinally welded, and then drawn deep. The "Deer Miner" spacecraft's launching rocket "Hercules" used 600kg of wrought magnesium alloy; the "Ziskavril" satellite used 675kg of wrought magnesium alloy; the diameter of 1m "Vierg" "The rocket casing is made of magnesium alloy extruded pipe; the tactical air missile's cabin section, aileron skin, siding, reinforcement frame, rudder surface, bulkhead and other thick parts, bait torpedo shell, and radar, satellite The wrought-iron beams used in the above are also widely used.

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